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文化復振:西拉雅、馬卡道、大武壠 Cultural Revitalization : The Siraya, The Makatao, and the Taivoan Peoples

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          臺灣南部平埔族群涵蓋西拉雅(Siraya)、大武壠(Taivoan)及馬卡道(Makatao)等族群,主要分布在嘉南、高屏一帶。17世紀時期西拉雅族居住地區,曾是荷蘭外來政權在臺統治重心,亦是漢族移民主要農業拓墾地區,族群互動與文化交流頻繁。1829年(清道光9年)起,部份平埔族群分次東遷,移住臺東、花蓮一帶,與東部原住民族群接觸,融合鮮明的南島文化特色。 2001年平埔族群前往立法院召開公聽會,正名運動接續展開,臺南縣政府在2005年率先認定西拉雅族為「縣定原住民族」,以日治時期戶籍種族登記為「熟」的平埔族,依1956年省府函文可登記為平地原住民;2013年花蓮縣富里鄉公所跟進承認包括大武壠族在內的平埔族群為「鄉定原住民」,2016年屏東縣亦承認當地馬卡道族為縣定原住民。

        The Plains indigenous peoples in the southern part of Taiwan (Chiayi, Tainan, Kaohsiung, and Pingtung) consist of the Siraya, the Makatao, and the Taivoan peoples. In the seventeenth century, the area where the Siraya people had lived witnessed the arrival of the Dutch colonizers as well as the immigration of Han farmers. It soon became a place throbbing with cultural exchanges among different ethnic groups. In 1829 (the ninth year of the Daoguang reign in the Qing dynasty), groups of Pingpu peoples started moving eastward towards Taitung and Hualien, getting in touch with the indigenous peoples in the Eastern part of Taiwan and generating a distinctive Austronesian culture. In 2001, the Pingpu peoples headed to the Legislative Yuan to hold a public hearing, and the
    Plains Indigenous Peoples Recognition Movement began. In 2005, the Tainan County government became the first county government to recognize the Siraya people as the county-level indigenous people: for those who were registered as shu-fan (Taiwanese indigenous peoples who took residence in the general administration region) in the Japanese periods census, they could use a 1956 provincial document to register themselves as Pingpu peoples. In 2013, the Fuli Township office in Hualien County recognized local Taivoan people. In 2016, the Pingtung County government announced the recognition of local Makataos.

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